How to properly operate an electric car in winter
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As you can see, Lithuanian winters can be truly extreme. Half a meter of snow can disappear within two days due to heavy rain, only to freeze overnight to -25°C. A couple of days later, the temperature can rise again, bringing rain, sleet, and ice, followed by another drop to -20°C. These conditions are not only stressful but also challenging for electric vehicles (EVs).
How can you ensure your EV operates efficiently and reliably during winter? Here are some practical tips.
Time for a Garage
Almost 90% of issues can be avoided by keeping your EV in a warm garage. A carport can protect against snow and rain but won't shield against freezing temperatures. If neither is available, some EV owners cover their cars with a special tarp. In the morning, the tarp can be removed along with the snow and ice, leaving the car clean and dry.
Don’t Worry About Charging Outdoors
Most charging cables come with an IP67 certification, meaning they are resistant to moisture and direct water exposure. This eliminates the need for boxes, buckets, or plastic bags to protect the cables. Using such makeshift solutions can sometimes even scratch your car’s exterior.
Keep the Battery Above 40%
Avoid letting the battery charge drop below 20%, as this can increase the risk of issues. Always leave some reserve, even if you’re traveling just a few kilometers. Lithium-ion batteries are sensitive to cold, which can slow charging and reduce efficiency. Starting the car in extreme cold also requires more energy than usual.
Preheat the Car 30 Minutes Before Driving
During cold weather, use your EV's remote preheating feature, usually available via an app, to warm up the car before driving. Activate seat and steering wheel heaters to raise the cabin temperature faster. Entering a cold car can strain the battery and lead to performance issues.
Clear the Windows
Good visibility is crucial in winter. Driving an EV with frosted windows can be dangerous, as clear vision is essential for quick reactions in challenging road conditions. Ensure the windows are fully cleared before setting off.
Adjust Tire Pressure
Did you know that summer tire pressure is typically set at 2.2 bar, while in winter, 2.0 bar is sufficient? Slightly lower pressure allows the tires to flatten out more, increasing contact with the road surface for better grip and stability.
Drive Gently in Winter
Avoid aggressive acceleration, as it drains the battery faster. Your EV isn’t a race car, especially on icy or wet roads. Gradually increase speed to conserve battery power. Similarly, avoid sudden braking, which can cause the car to skid. Instead, brake slowly whenever possible. Regenerative braking can also help recharge the battery slightly, which is especially useful in winter when energy demands are higher.
Keep Three Essential Items in Your Trunk
During winter, always have these three items in your trunk:
- A warm blanket.
- A phone charging battery (Power Bank).
- Some candles and matches.
While you won’t need these at home or work, they can be lifesavers if you encounter issues in a remote area. Wrapping yourself in a blanket and lighting a candle can provide warmth inside the car. A phone charger will ensure you can stay connected while waiting for help.
Your EV is well-suited for winter driving—just handle it with care and use common sense.
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